Avaliação do resíduo agroindustrial de acerola no tratamento de lixiviado de aterros sanitários e sua incorporação em argamassa.

Abstract

Municipal solid waste contains high concentrations of contaminants that are present in batteries, paints, textiles, canned goods, including food, which need substances based on heavy metals and other toxic components to be produced. These contaminants, because they are toxic, if not treated or made available in landfills properly, cause socioeconomic and environmental problems. In this context, the present research aimed to propose a way to mitigate the danger of the leachate, through a treatment process applying liquid/solid adsorption using a lignocellulosic biomass as an adsorbent and transforming this contaminated adsorbent into charcoal to be incorporated as a partial replacement of cement. in mortar production. Also in the present research, the transformation of dehydrated lignocellulosic biomass into charcoal was carried out to test it as an adsorbent of a metal ion commonly found in leachates. The lignocellulosic biomass used was the agro-industrial residue of acerola cherry bagasse, from the NIAGRO industry in the city of Petrolina-PE, the standard heavy metal solution was the Cu2+ ion and the leachate used was from the sanitary landfill in the city of Campina Grande- PE. PB The adsorption tests were performed in a batch system for both the leachate and a standard copper ion solution, and for this, classical mathematical models from the literature were applied for the kinetics and adsorption isotherms. For the mortar production tests, specimens were prepared to analyze the resistance of these mortars. The best surface area obtained for the dehydrated bagasse charcoal was 320.7 m2.g-1, obtained at a calcination temperature of 800ºC and at a time of 60 min. The 2nd order Pseudo kinetic model was the one that best fitted the experimental data, and for the leachate after adsorption, real effluent, activated carbon did not adsorb heavy metals. The adsorption of the leachate for 24 h on acerola bagasse in its dehydrated form reduced the BOD by 92%. The mortar produced with the charcoal obtained from the contaminated biomass obtained a resistance of 42.8 MPa, greater than that produced with the charcoal from dehydrated acerola bagasse, 31.5 MPa, and the mortar without the presence of coals, 35.9 MPa. , however, it is necessary to better evaluate its use before destining it for use in civil construction.