Síndrome metabólica em pacientes esquizofrênicos: revisão sistemática.

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a highly prevalent disorder in the general population, and the largest association of comorbidities such as obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes in patients with psychiatric disorders has been demonstrated by research. This study aims to evaluate the relationship of metabolic syndrome in schizophrenic patients, highlighting the risk factors associated with these patients responsible for developing the syndrome and raise the need for a more rigorous clinical monitoring, considering other aspects of the health of these patients and not only control of mental illness. We conducted a literature review of articles containing metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia in the electronic databases MEDLINE and LILACS, between January 2005 and September 2013. A total of 255 articles, 37 were selected according to the inclusion criteria and content relevance. Studies show that schizophrenia alone is considered a risk factor for the development of diabetes. A sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, smoking and illicit drug abuse contribute to the increased risk of metabolic

syndrome. Allied to these factors, it was demonstrated that treatment with second- generation antipsychotics are associated with greater weight gain, dyslipidemia and

insulin resistance. Nevertheless, the treatment of individuals with schizophrenia have been limited to the control of psychotic symptoms. It is therefore essential for stricter monitoring of these patients for screening and monitoring of risk factors associated with cardiometabolic alterations.