NASCIMENTO, G. R. S.; NOGUEIRA, L. M.; MEDEIROS, N. J. S.; MASON, R. E. M.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4997280548298045; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5680162601266683; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0855145606664972; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7592285943309655; NASCIMENTO, Galba Rafael Santiago do.; NOGUEIRA, Lorena Morais.; MEDEIROS, Niedson José de Siqueira.; MASON, Rafael Eugenio de Macedo.
Resumen:
Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, there are 2 to 3 million annually
from skin cancers in the world. Skin cancer (PC) is still the most frequent neoplasia in Brazil.
Its distribution is universal presenting itself in three main ways: melanoma, basal cell
carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Associated risk factors are often
described in the literature: lack of photoprotection, skin phototype, excessive solar radiation,
age, nutritional deficiencies and nevus. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology (SBD) annually
promotes the National Campaign to Prevent Skin Cancer (NSCLC), most preventive tool and
diagnosis of PC in the world, according to Guinness (2009). In Campina Grande (CG), the
campaign is held for 5 years, demonstrating great importance in the local scenario.
Objectives: This study aims to trace the socio-demographic and epidemiological profile of
the participant of the 5 years of implementation of the campaign in the city of Campina
Grande (2009-2013) public. The objective is to also make a comparison with the main
national and some other municipalities, estimates the example of Porto Alegre - RS.
Materials and methods: the instruments used in this study were the standard questionnaires
of the SBD campaign. The data analyzed were: sex incidence, skin color, sun exposure,
personal and family history, means of dissemination and clinical diagnosis. Social and
demographic data were computed and analyzed by SPSS 22.0, Excel and Medcalc programs.
A review of the subject was generated from the query databases BIREME, SciELO,
MEDLINE and LILACS, and sources such as INCA, WHO, SBD and IBGE. The study is
observational, cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive, with the target audience in
screening campaigns rated by CG, performed at the University Hospital Alcides Carneiro.
Results: In Brazil, participated in NSCLC, from 2009 to 2013, a total of 161.171pessoas,
there was a prevalence of women (61.7%, n = 99 442). 26.95% (n = 43,436) cited positive
family history of CP, 32.16% (n = 61,729) reported photoprotection and 10.49% (n = 16,906)
had a positive past history. CG in the same period, there was the participation of 1,676
patients and prevailed females (61.3%, n = 1027). 20.22% (n = 339) reported family history,
31.68% (n = 530) reported photoprotection and 13.54% (n = 227) had a history. The
incidences were 12% in Brazil, 18% in CG and 16% in Porto Alegre. The most common
clinical diagnosis in CG was the CBC, with 276 cases (17%); was 12.35% (n = 207) of other
pre-cancers, 2.18% CPB (n = 37) and 1% Malignant melanoma (MM). The predominant color
of skin was clear skin (51.47%, n = 863). Conclusions: There were notable inadequate
photoprotection, the high incidence in CG compared to Port Alegre and Brazil, statistically
proven. The female was the genus most sought Campaign, in the city though the diagnosis of
cancer was more frequent in men. Television was the most important medium for the
dissemination of the Campaign, with fundamental tool of preventive counseling. The study
also shows that the event promoted for 05 years in resolutive CG has great importance for
high data presented in this work.