Avaliação do controle da pressão arterial em hipertensos assistidos por uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família em Campina Grande - PB.

Abstract

Systemic arterial hypertension is a multifactorial clinical condition characterized by high and sustained levels of blood pressure, associated to increased risks of cardiovascular events, main cause of death in our country. Therefore, it becomes essential to create health strategies aiming reduction and/or control of cardiovascular risk factors, especially regarding arterial hypertension, very common in our region. To do so, there must be reviews of such strategies so they can be improved, modified or new ones could be created to suit and cover a larger number of hypertensive patients with blood pressure under control. Based on this context, this study aims to assess blood pressure control and the influence of some factors associated in a sample of hypertensive patients assisted in Primary Care. To this end, a time series study with observational, descriptive and longitudinal approach was performed for four years (2010-2014), through assessment and questionnaire application to 56 hypertensive patients in a Basic Family Health Unit in Campina Grande – Paraíba. After survey conclusion, no significant difference in blood pressure control between the years of 2010 and 2014 was observed, except that initially 41,07% of patients reached the target, against only 33,92% in 2014. Although the studied sample did not present, in their majority, the ideal blood pressure values, it can be stated that, in comparison to the results found in general Brazilian literature, this study observed a better control of blood pressure throughout the years, suggesting that others health centers should base theirs intervention strategies on the one used by this studied unit. This way, throughout the study, we have been able to identify strengths of the used treatment (like encouragement to diet), which we suggest that should be continued and disclosed to other health care centers, as well as we have been able to identify the weaknesses (encouragement to exercise practice and weight loss, tobacco and alcohol use cessation, interventions in Health Related Life Quality), that we suggest that should be revised or new strategies should be created, interdisciplinary, if possible, for individual and collective interventions. This way, it becomes possible to search for a more effective treatment for hypertension, always aiming an improvement of patients’ health and life condition and, consequently, increasing rates of blood pressure control.