Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise em Campina Grande.

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus represents the most important risk factors that contribute to the increased incidence of Terminal Chronic Renal Failure. Those diseases are important because they are a global public health problem, due to its high prevalence and morbimortality. Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) is an essential treatment for such patients, hemodialysis is the main form of RRT used throughout the world. In Brazil, there is a nationwide lack of data that could contribute to monitoring the population in RRT. Therefore the main objective of this study was to characterize the epidemiological profile of the patients with chronic renal failure under hemodialysis treatment in the city of Campina Grande-PB. In order to reach this purpose, a Cross-sectional study was conducted in the four dialysis services of the city of Campina Grande-PB with 410 randomly selected participants. sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical records were collected. Of all patients, 59% were male, 41.7% were between 40-60 years old, 53.2% were married or in a stable relationship. Among them, 99.5% depended on the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS-National Health System). Low level of formal education was present in 24.6% of the patients. Arteriovenous fistula was the most used method of access in 94.1%. The presumptive etiologies were hypertensive nephrosclerosis (45.1%), diabetic nephropathy (16.5%), undetermined causes (17.8%), glomerulopathies (6.1%), polycystic disease (4.1%) and others (10.4%). The Kt/V was appropriate in 88% and the albumin values were low in 37.3% of the patients. Secondary hyperparathyroidism was present in 30.6% of them, and despite the use of erythropoietin, low hemoglobin levels (<10 g / dL) were observed in 48.7% of those patients. This study determined the profile of the patients submitted to hemodialysis in the city of Campina Grande- PB, and may subsidize new studies for monitoring epidemiological transitions population, underscores the need for greater rigor to achieve the targets recommended by K/DOQI for bone metabolism and hemoglobin levels.