SOUZA, A. C.; SANTOS, M. N.; VERAS, T. N.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0493676501908921; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6092305791716998; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8298909462173286; SOUZA, Alessandra Cavalcante de.; SANTOS, Marcone Nunes dos.; QUEIROZ, Rafael Dayves Medeiros de.; VERAS, Taíse da Nóbrega.
Resumen:
Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder characterized by
hypertension and proteinuria, or end-organ dysfunction, after twenty weeks of gestation.
It is a frequent condition, with complications that are considered important
causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: to evaluate the main clinical outcomes and
perinatal data of women affected by severe pre-eclampsia, determining its association with
the gestational age of development of the hypertensive disorder. Methods: We carried out a
cross-sectional, analytical and observational study, based on the secondary analysis of a database
pre-existing data containing 565 patients with severe maternal morbidity, being included
376 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia. Variable data were pre-coded in
forms and stored in Excel/Office 2010 software spreadsheet, with statistical analysis
carried out in the Epi-Info program, version 7.1. For the comparison of maternal complications,
fetal and neonatal conditions present in pregnant women with early and late preeclampsia, the
association chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, when applicable, calculating the
Prevalence ratio (PR) and its 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI). Results:
found in women with early-onset severe preeclampsia frequency
significantly greater risk of developing acute kidney injury (PR: 17.60; 95% CI: 2.19-
141.4), placental abruption (PR: 3.6; 95% CI: 1.40-9.19) and hospitalization
prolonged (PR: 3.44; 95% CI: 2.42-4.90). Comparing the neonatal outcomes of
women with early and late preeclampsia, the former had a prevalence ratio
significantly more likely to have children with low birth weight (PR: 3.14; 95% CI: 2.57-
3.81), Apgar at the fifth minute of life less than seven (PR: 3.27; 95% CI: 1.45-7.38)
stillbirths (PR: 7.37; 95% CI: 3.14-17.29) and early neonatal deaths (PR: 9.77; 95% CI:
1.94-49.2). In addition, newborns of women with severe preeclampsia at onset
were more frequently admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (PR:
4.04; 95% CI: 2.53-6.43). Conclusion: the heterogeneity of pre-eclampsia is confirmed,
showing that the time of disease onset is an important indicator of severity and,
possibly the etiology of the disease. There is a clear need for better adherence by
medical professionals to pre-eclampsia diagnosis and prevention guidelines
complications.