Saneamento rural: estudo de caso na comunidade Forte Velho no Munícipio de Santa Rita – PB.

Abstract

The requirement for monitoring and inspection of the quality and quantity of groundwater intended for human consumption is fundamental for the promotion of public health and efficient management of this resource. In addition to the quality of the water, the study to evaluate the tendency of the water to be fouling or corrosive is extremely important, although it is not a parameter of potability, since the deterioration of the pipe may cause a decrease in the flow of the wells and, consequently, in the distribution flow, which is also an important factor for public health promotion. This work sought to evaluate the quality of groundwater consumed in the community Forte Velho, rural area of the municipality of Santa Rita - PB. Using as a reference, currently, Ordinance No 888/2021 of the Ministry of Health, which provides for the potability standard, initially, analyzes of 23 physical, chemical, organoleptic and microbiological parameters were carried out, where it was found that the water groundwater do not meet the potability standard established by current legislation, due to the values of the microbiological parameters of total coliforms and Escherichia coli, and they behave in equilibrium, as 100% of the samples were classified as balanced. A bypass meter was installed, with a bypass alternative, to measure the distribution flow and, consequently, the per capita consumption of the community, whose average was equivalent to 134.97L/inhab.day. This action offers important subsidies to the public power, for the execution of a planning, in order to improve the operation of the system, in order to control them at desirable levels of efficiency. Finally, a prototype called Chlorine Dosing System - SDC was developed, with relatively low cost, to promote the insertion of chlorine in the water distributed to the community. The implementation of the SDC showed partially satisfactory results, with the presence of free residual chlorine levels in some consumption points in the community, which meet the minimum and maximum limits required by Ordinance No 888 of 2021. In general, this study warns for the condition of the quality of water consumed by the rural population of Forte Velho, where the data evaluated and discussed indicate a negative scenario in terms of risks to public health.