CARMO, E. S.; Do carmo, E.S.; Carmo, Edilânia Silva do.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9155638722297426; CARMO, Edilânia Silva do.
Resumo:
Ceramic membranes have excellent properties such as mechanical strength, thermal
stability and resistance to severe chemical conditions. The high value of commercial
ceramic membranes is mainly due to the use of high purity raw materials in their
production. The use of less expensive materials that can be processed with lower
energy costs using more accessible technological resources, allows for obtaining low-
cost ceramic membranes. Large amounts of effluents are generated every day from
processes in the textile industry. Although some technologies have been used to treat
textile wastewater, the removal of textile dyes remains a technical challenge as a result
of the high toxicity. This thesis evaluated low-cost ceramic membrane, using Brazilian
raw materials that are easily accessible and abundantly found in our country in the
process of separating textile dyes. The raw materials were characterized by X-ray
diffraction, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrophotometry and thermogravimetric
analysis. Mechanical strength and porosity tests were performed, as well as XRD
characterization and pure water permeation measurements of the ceramic
membranes. The selected membrane contains in its composition 65% of chocobofe
clay, 5% of kaolin, 20% of Magnesita concentrate and 10% of starch and a sintering
temperature of 650 °C and was evaluated in the process of separating the dyes
Methylene blue and reactive blue. The porosity value found was 53%, average pore
size of 0.48 μm and pure Water Flow of 520 L/m2
.h. The reuse of the ceramic
membrane performed well with the dyes after 15 successive cycles. From the
technological prospection addressed in this thesis, it was possible to evaluate the
evolution of ceramic membrane production technologies and their evolution over the
years. From the study of patents published from 1998 to 2018, it can be highlighted
that it is considered a relevant and strategic area.