Caracterização dos impactos ambientais decorrentes da disposição final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos em Sousa-PB.

Abstract

Waste management can contribute positively to increase the life of controlled landfills, reducing the construction of new units and providing better use of existing ones. The complexity involved in the provision of public waste collection, treatment and final disposal services, the dimensions of the issue in the face of the various social, governmental, territorial and technical repercussions and their potential for qualitative environmental change lead to a a more in-depth study of the landfill management and its interrelations with solid waste institutions. The objective of this work was to analyze the management of residential and commercial solid waste in the controlled landfill of the city of Sousa-PB, aiming to provide, through existing literature, an analysis of existing programs in the search for improvements to be developed. We adopted a descriptive and exploratory multisite study. As for the systematic procedures for describing and explaining the events found, the study was developed in an environment that advocates a quantitative approach with a view to solid waste management. The results showed that the municipality produces a relatively moderate amount of urban solid waste. It was observed that the landfill is not the most viable means of disposal of solid wastes, since it does not treat the slurry for its correct disposal in the soil or use of water and organic matter. It was found that the landfill does not do the correct treatment of the released gases, which is very harmful to the environment. It is evaluated that the results obtained in this study can contribute to the issue in other municipalities of the region, since they also present similar problems with the final disposition of their solid residues. From the analysis of the conditions of this landfill, it is expected that the research can contribute to the development of strategies to support the issue of environmental protection, which will be sought through the identification of guidelines and parameters for the elaboration of a project of a suitable landfill according to the needs for each small and medium-sized municipality.