Impactos ambientais negativos decorrentes da disposição final dos resíduos sólidos no “lixão” do município de Paulista - PB.

Abstract

A large part of the environmental impacts are related to the exploitation of natural resources for production and consumption, however there are also damages resulting from the return of waste to nature after being used by man. Among the environmental impacts, there is the disposal of this waste in inappropriate and uncontrolled places known as dumps; causing the proliferation of insects and rats, which can transmit diseases to the human population. Bacterial decomposition of organic matter, causing a bad smell in and around the place where these residues are deposited, in addition to the production of leachate, a dark and acidic liquid that infiltrates the soil, contaminating groundwater. Given the above, one understands the concern and need to study the effects of this inadequate waste disposal at different geographic scales. Among them, the local scale, based on studies in the municipality of Paulista, located in the state of Paraíba. Thus, this work aims to identify the main factors and environmental impacts arising from the inadequate disposal of solid waste in the municipality under study, as well as contributing to efficient ways of proper disposal of these wastes, including the production of organic fertilizers, resulting from of organic residues and the selective collection, destined to the inorganic residues. Seeking to achieve the objectives proposed by this work, methodological procedures were carried out such as bibliographical research, descriptive and field research, seeking to identify the main environmental impacts arising from the inadequate disposal of solid waste in the municipality under study; field observations, aiming at situations involving the topic under study, seeking alternatives capable of improving the quality of life of the population and mitigating the impacts detected. It was thus concluded, emphasizing the great relevance of this work and the subject under study for the referred municipality, due to its base being centered on fundamental and very current elements, such as the economic, social and environmental tripod, having as its main positive effect the awareness of the population living in the situations above, related to the landfill in the municipality, who may have contact with means of instruction that may reflect positively on their way of life, as well as on the environment in which they are inserted.