Consequências psiquiátricas do estupro: uma revisão da literatura.

Abstract

Sexual crime is a problem that continually confronts our society, being included in this legal category behaviors ranging from virtual harassment to rape, that is, sexual conduct in which there is or not physical contact, involving victims of both sexes, of all ages and ethnicities, with psychological or physical violence. In the victims, the combination of the physical and psychological consequences of this type of crime leads to the mental suffering expressed under various symptoms, ranging from pathological anxiety to deep depression and the decrease or loss of life quality. Justifications: Personal - we consider the relevant theme due to the prevalence of psychiatric diseases in the population and their correlation with rape; Academic - the need to foster new analysis in the area outlined by the study, contributing to the enrichment of the scientific material produced on the subject. Objectives: General – studying of the psychological/psychiatric repercussions of rape; Specific – discussion of the psychological and psychiatric repercussions on victims of rape in the short, medium and long term, to investigate risk factors for rape, prevention and intervention strategies, characterizing risk groups or situations. Methodology: For systematic literature review, the DeCS (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde) and MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) were used. The descriptors for all databases were “rape“/“mental health”, using boolean operators “AND” and “OR” for the search. Due to the specific characteristics of each database, the search strategies were adapted according to the objective and criteria of inclusion of this study. Systematic review: The crime of rape is one of the most perverse, because it affects the body, the mind and the dignity of the victims. The suffering generated can lead to depression and other mental disorders. Conclusion: Communication channels can favour the process of adaptation of the victims, as well as services prepared for their reception. Further studies on the association between mental disorders and sexual crimes are necessary, investigating possible risk factors.