LIMA, A. R.; CAVALCANTE, L. F.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3646473603416528; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0457296233268186; LIMA, Arthur Rodrigues.; CAVALCANTE, Líniker Fragoso.
Resumen:
The current health context in Brazil points to an enormous prevalence of Dengue,
Chikungunya and Zika virus diseases. Also called arboviruses, they are transmitted by the
same vector, the mosquito Aedes aegypti, and its presence in several regions of the country
demonstrates its great potential of adaptation and dispersion. This is mainly due to climatic
conditions, which favor vector proliferation, and the infrastructure of basic health services
offered in Brazil. Thus, the present research aims to evaluate the level of knowledge of the
users of Family Health Units (FHU) on the three arboviruses regarding prevention,
diagnosis, clinical manifestations, possible complications and treatment. A cross-sectional
study was carried out, using a field survey, using a self-administered questionnaire. Data
processing, storage and analysis were performed using the statistical software SPSS
(Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), version 21.0. The research was carried out in
the USF's of Cruzeiro and Bodocongó districts, which presented worrying rates of Aedes
aegypti infestation in the city of Campina Grande - PB. 390 people participated in the study.
It was noted that 89.16% of the users adopted measures to prevent and combat mosquito
outbreaks, but only 33.85% carried out some measure that prevented mosquito biting when
they were already an adult, seeing, for example, only 25.4% they used repellent on exposed
skin. There was also a lack of knowledge in part of the studied population, after all, only
55.2% had the correct indexes on this topic, especially in users with low schooling, in which
they presented only 48.73% of correct answers to 60.14% of the more educated, reinforcing
the importance of investment in health education. It is interesting that for both levels of
schooling, issues that are very much addressed by health professionals and the media, such
as: "if the Zika virus can be transmitted from the pregnant woman to the fetus", she showed
a success rate of 89%, while such as: "which disease can cause serious bleeding", obtained
85.9% errors. The data of the present study reiterate the importance of didactic activities that
integrate education, health and FHUs, seeking the population's action in the elimination of
mosquito outbreaks and the greater involvement with these important public health issues.