Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes diabéticos com pé de risco em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de Campina Grande - PB.

Abstract

Diabetic Foot (PD) is a well-known term that assign a diversity of changes and complications that occur alone or together in the feet and lower limbs (LLL) of diabetic patients. Each year about one million diabetic patients undergo amputation surgeries and experience devastating changes in life quality after these procedures. Despite the evolution of health education strategies, there is mounting evidence of lack of awareness of foot care among diabetic patients. In addition, it is possible to verify that there is not a routine in Primary Health Care Centers to approach this complication during the medical checks, so that there is adequate tracking and follow-up. Thus, this research sought to identify the epidemiological situation of a community in the city of Campina Grande regarding PD and the existence or not of adequate care. Therefore, a cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out, evaluating a population of 54 diabetics previously enrolled in the Unidade Básica Raimundo Carneiro. It was noticed that 70% had never had their feet previously examined by a health professional; 68% never received any piece of information on foot care; 87% had inadequate footwear at the time of evaluation; 30% presented alterations in the test of loss of protective sensitivity; 39% and 15% presented grades 2 and 3 in the diabetic foot risk classification, respectively. Only 36 patients had fasting Glycemia cataloged in medical records, 44% of them were above 130mg / dL; and 55% had HbA1c out of target proposed by the Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (<7.0%). In addition, it was observed that the most associated comorbidity was Systemic Arterial Hypertension, present in 82% of the patients; followed by dyslipidemia, 33%; and Coronary Artery Disease, 28%. We had concluded that there are still deficiencies in the assistance to the diabetic foot in primary health care, there was negligence in the diagnosis of this complication and difficulty in the clinical follow-up of these patients.