O panorama do diabetes gestacional em uma maternidade de referência: informação e prevenção.

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes has been mobilizing attention to the incidence of the dicease in pregnant women in the last years, and in the midst of Brazilian health, especially public health, mothers often do not receive the necessary information about the symptoms to treatment, sometimes being at the mercy. of the ills of the disease. It is noteworthy that statistically, women with better socioeconomic conditions have lower risks of morbidity affecting both the mother and the baby. Thus, the objective is to conduct an action-research in health education on the gestacional diabetes theme. In addition to quantifying the prevalence of the disease, observe the degree of knowledge of pregnant women and collect opinions of the multidisciplinary health team about the theme. The research is based on an observational study based on the qualitative and quantitative method, through interviews with professionals, pregnant women in attendance and data collected from medical records. The study was conducted at the Instituto de Saúde Elpídio de Almeida (ISEA) in the city of Campina Grande-PB and developed after the release of the Research Ethics Committee. As results, it was perceived good receptivity of the information taken to the research participants. During the data collection phase in medical records, 6051 medical records were analyzed, among them, 2254 classified as “High risk” and 3797 as “Low risk”. We found 89 diagnoses of gestational diabetes, 88 of which were included in high-risk medical records. With these data, we obtained a prevalence of 1.47% of all hospitalizations in the hospital, and 3.9% in the high-risk sector. The average age of all patients diagnosed with the disease was 33.33 years, most of them within the age range of 30 to 39 years. After statistical calculation from the medical records, a sample of 136 patients was defined for questionnaires. During this stage, it was seen that 74.26% of these patients didn’t answer any information regarding the context of the disease, highlighting the need for health education process aimed at these pregnant women. The interview with the hospital's multidisciplinary team showed that the profissionals appeared to be engaged in the actual context of gestational diabetes, reinforcing the importance of patient care before and after delivery.