GOMES, E. M.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4935137309822165; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5318665941013307; D´ARAÚJO, K. C.; GOMES, Eduardo Moscoso; D´ARAÚJO, Karen Campos.
Resumen:
Smoking is one of the most relevant public health problems nowadays,
accounting for approximately 6 million annual deaths worldwide. The association
between tobacco consumption and the development and aggravation of various
pathologies is well known. Among these, an important chronic disease, of high
prevalence, has an association with smoking in a way that has not yet been
researched: Diabetes mellitus (DM). Objective: To observe the prevalence of
Diabetes mellitus in smoking patients participating in the Programa Multidisciplinar de
Tratamento do Tabagismo (PMTT), developed in Campina Grande-PB. Methods: A
cross-sectional, retrospective, quantitative study was carried out. The data were
obtained through the medical records of PMTT users, who attended it from February
2013 to December 2016 and were organized through an online questionnaire created
by the researchers. For the statistical analysis, the computational environment R
(version 3.4.1) was used. The significance level of 5% (α = 0.05) was adopted for
acceptance of null hypothesis, descriptive analysis and logistic regression study.
Results: 589 medical records of PMTT patients were analyzed. The majority of them
were female (66.55%) and had between 9 and 12 years of formal study (24.1%). The
majority of the patients (15.35%) had an individual monthly income between 501 and
750 reais per month. Regarding the prevalence of Diabetes, 8.66% of the patients in
the sample had previous diagnosis of this disease. At the significance level of 5%,
the null hypothesis was rejected, statistically evidencing a higher prevalence of
diabetic patients in the sample of smokers (8.66%) than in the literature in the
general Brazilian population (6.3%). Conclusion: The prevalence of Diabetes
mellitus was higher than that of the general population in Brazil, which may include
smoking in the risk factors for the development and/or worsening of this pathology. It
was verified, through logistic regression, that even considering only those patients
who do not diet and do not have arterial hypertension, for each year over smoking,
the chance of having Diabetes increased by 3.7%. Therefore, the cessation of
smoking may be of fundamental importance for adequate glycemic control and for
the complications of this disease to be minimized.