Cessação do tabagismo como resultado de uma abordagem inovadora de tratamento em Campina grande - PB.

Abstract

Analyze the percentages of smoking cessation or decrease in consumption among users of the Multidisciplinary Tobacco Treatment Program (PMTT), held in Campina Grande-PB, from February 2013 to December 2016. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out, retrospective, descriptive and quantitative. Data from patient records were tabulated in spreadsheets in the Microsoft Office Excel® program. for the analysis inferential analysis, the computational environment R (version 3.4.1) was used, adopting the significance level of 5% (α = 0.05) for acceptance of the null hypothesis. Results: The average age of participants was 49.07 years (±12.61), gender female (66.4%), married marital status (46%), brown ethnicity and the Catholic religion, in their majority (69.5%). As for schooling, 26.1% had attended between 9 and 12 years of study, a result followed by the range of 6 to 8 years of study (18.2%). regarding occupation, most were self-employed (23.4%) or retired (18.4%). A Most respondents did not report their individual income (41.2%). Among those who mentioned, 15.3% had monthly income between R$501 and R$720. Of the sample, 44% do not consumed alcoholic beverages at the time of the interview and 90% had never consumed other types of psychoactive drugs. As for tobacco, 51% consumed an average of 21 (±13) cigarettes a day, with the mean age at onset smoking, 15.1 years (±5.78). During the course of the PMTT, it was observed that at each one of the 6 returns (every 15 days), the number of cigarettes smoked decreased and the percentage of smoking cessation increased, so that from the fifth return, consumption above 10 cigarettes a day was not observed. The percentage of smoking cessation, considering those who abandoned treatment as non-abstinent (except those who failed to attend after cessation) and including them, was 37.9%. Excluding them, there was a cessation of 28.1% and 85%, decrease in consumption without cessation of 71.4% and 15% and increase in consumption of 0.5% and 0% in the first and sixth returns, respectively. using a logistic regression analysis, only two factors were associated with smoking cessation: having stopped smoking after the first lecture (initial day treatment) which increased the chance of quitting smoking by 297% and marital status single, which acted in a negative way, reducing the chance of quitting smoking in 45.6%. The percentage of patients who dropped out of treatment at some point moment, it was 89%, including those who stopped smoking. Analyzing the abandonment versus persistence variables, it is noticed that the lowest percentage of abandonment is at 60 days from the start of treatment 26.8%), and the highest, at 90 days of treatment (41.2%). Conclusion: The studied sample consisted of middle-aged women, married, self-employed or retired, who had low income and low education and did not use drugs other than tobacco at the time of the interview. The number of cigarettes smoked per day was greater than demonstrates the literature. The percentage of cessation, considering those who abandoned treatment as non-abstinent and including them, was similar or higher than other studies that used bupropion, except for those with very different methodology. Excluding those who dropped out, there was a percentage of cessation higher than that found in the literature. It was observed that among those who continued with the treatment, the percentage of cessation increased as As the treatment progressed, while the decrease in consumption without cessation, decreased.