RIBEIRO, D.S.; ARAÚJO, R. B. F.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4888829559725145; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6856485436593143; RIBEIRO, Darwin dos Santos.; ARAÚJO, Rodolpho Barbosa Freire de.
Resumo:
Objective: To assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in a population assisted in
ophthalmological service accredited by the SUS in the city of Campina Grande – PB and
correlate with risk factors. Methods: A prospective study was carried out,
observational, cross-sectional analysis of 87 individuals diagnosed with
DM assisted at Fundação de Olhos da Paraíba (FOP) in the city of Campina
Grande - PB, from June to July 2018. All participants were
submitted to the application of a questionnaire and the realization of fundus retinography,
under mydriasis. Associations between the presence and severity of
diabetic retinopathy (DR) with variables such as: age, gender, time since diagnosis of
diabetes mellitus, hypertension and use of hypoglycemic agents. Results: Of the total
sample, 64% were female and 36% male, with a mean age
aged 63 (σ =11.2). The prevalence of DR was 48%; 59.5% had RDNP
mild, 21.5% moderate RDNP, 14.2% severe RDNP and 4.8% proliferative RD.
An association was demonstrated between the time of DM diagnosis and the frequency
of DR, in which the prevalence in the group with more than five years of disease was
67%, nine times higher than the group with less than five years of diagnosis
(p<0.0005). Participants on insulin therapy had a prevalence of DR
greater than individuals using oral hypoglycemic agents and more severe forms of
disease (p<0.0005). Conclusion: Studies on the local reality are valid for
creation of appropriate strategies for early diagnosis and prevention of blindness
caused by diabetes mellitus.