Avaliação do potencial para formação de corredores ecológicos em áreas verdes remanescentes de Campina Grande - PB e entorno.

Abstract

Since the Industrial Revolution, urbanization has proved to be the antithesis of the environment. Although the reciprocal is not true, since nature itself, since the rise of H. sapiens (70,000 - 10,000 BC) has provided humanity with its abundant environmental resources, and has become an important indicator of the quality of urban life, in last 05 (five) decades. In this context, cities have an existential duty to “make peace” with the natural environment, on behalf of the quality of life of their present and future citizens, which will guarantee them relative sustainability and resilience. Campina Grande and its surroundings, despite the disorderly urban expansion, still has remnants of typical vegetation of the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga, with potential to be studied for its proper sustainable use and conservation. The twelve areas proposed for evaluation represent the highest areas with the potential to reserve environmental and ecosystem services worthy of conservation, such as water itself. Such remaining green areas of Campina Grande and surroundings, worked here based on the delimitation and topography of the land between the ato urban watersheds - Rio Bodocongó (SBHRB) and Riacho das Piabas (MBHRP), in which freshwater springs have already been registered, in a region with constant water demand problems over the years. Were still registered in the influence areas of the basins more than 106 species of birds and 96 tree species endemic to the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes, distributed in 36 botanical families of ecological importance, such as Fabacea (Leguminosae). In addition to areas of employment of sustainable social technologies subject to management and integrated management. The urban expansion of Campina Grande, with a growth rate of 122% in 21 years (1986-2007), and loss of 89% in the supply of ecosystem services in 25 years (1989-2014), such as: climate regulation, water flow, moderation of disturbances, nutrient cycling and biological control, preponderant factors for controlling sprawling urban expansion, with the use of public and/or private policies for the conservation and preservation of green areas around the city.