Indicadores da qualidade de solos sob sistemas de uso no perímetro irrigado várzeas de sousa-pb.

Abstract

Soil is a natural resource of ecological, economic and social importance. However, the adoption of inadequate agricultural practices has been responsible, in large part, for the reduction of its quality, contributing to the degradation of this environmental component. The increase in the supply of raw material for agribusiness and bad practices of soil management, consist of agents that affect its attributes. In view of the above, the objective was to evaluate the physical, chemical and biological attributes, soil quality indicators under different irrigation systems Várzeas of Sousa - PB. The work was carried out at the Aparecida Experimental Station of EMEPA - State Agricultural and Livestock Research The study used a completely randomized design, with a factorial of 4 x 2, in four systems of soil use in the Irrigated Perimeter of the Várzeas de Sousa - PB, Brazil, in the Irrigated Perimeter of the Várzeas in the municipality of Sousa-PB. Being: cultivated system with green dwarf coconut of the jiqui (C), system cultivated with coconut consortium green dwarf jiqui and nanane banana (CB), fallow system (P) and preserved system - legal reserve (R) reference; Where four replicates were collected at two depths (0 to 15 cm and 15 to 30 cm), with four replicates (subareas). It performed the multivariate analysis of main components with 23 variables, being eight chemical attributes (pH, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, organic matter and PST), six physical attributes (clay, sand, silt, soil and particle density , Microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and solubilizers), and five biological organisms (biomass carbon, respiration, metabolic and microbial coefficient, carbon stock). Principal component analysis allowed the joint and separate visualization of the chemical, physical and biological attributes of the soil quality of the systems of use in relation to the legal reserve and how they were affected by the management and the addition of organic sources.