http://lattes.cnpq.br/1020688865693288; GONÇALVES, Maria Lívia Vitória Alves.
Abstract:
The gummy smile represents an excessive gingival exposure when smiling, being considered
an aesthetic problem. The etiology of gummy smile is multifactorial, and may occur due to an
altered passive eruption, vertical maxillary excess, lip hypermobility, short lip, dentoalveolar
extrusion and gingival hyperplasia. In addition, it may present more than one factor
simultaneously.Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the prevalence of etiological
factors of gummy smile in patients with gingival exposure of 3 mm or more.This is a clinical
study, cross-sectional and analytical study carried out in the clinical research laboratory of the
UFCG dentistry course, in which patients with aesthetic alterations on the face due to gummy
smile were evaluated.The sample consisted of 32 patients, most of whom were female (81.2%).
The median gingival exposure when smiling was 4.00 mm, whose most prevalent etiological
factors were altered passive eruption (93.8%), short lip (56.3%) and the simultaneous
combination of altered passive eruption and short lip (56.3%). Other situations such as the
association of altered passive eruption + short lip (56.3%) and altered passive eruption + labial
hypermobility were also observed, in addition to gum exposure when smiling, which is directly
related to the number of etiological factors of gummy smile in each patient. Among the
etiological factors associated with gummy smile, the most prevalent was altered passive
eruption and short lip, as well as the appearance of these factors associated with each other and
with upper lip hypermobility. The amount of gum when smiling and the etiological factors
showed statistically significant differences, mainly in relation to lip hypermobility (p = 0.007)
and altered passive eruption combined with lip hypermobility (p = 0.002).