Energia solar fotovoltaica como fonte de energia elétrica em uma residência na cidade de Pombal-PB.

Abstract

Photovoltaic solar energy is a source of renewable energy, silent and clean, which has been increasingly used as a source of electricity in several countries. This academic work presents a case study of a dimensioning of a photovoltaic solar system integrated to the electric grid of the concessionaire in a single-family residence in the city of Pombal, state of Paraíba, and points out a technical analysis, especially economic and environmental feasibility of the implementation of this system. With the normative resolution of ANEEL nº 482 of April 17, 2012, Brazil enables the investment in photovoltaic systems connected to the electric grid. The Act 14.300 of January 6, 2022, which came into force only on January 7, 2023, establishes the legal frame for microgeneration and distributed mining, the Sistema de Compensação de Energia Elétrica (SCEE), and the Programa de Energia Renovável Social (PERS). The analysis of the technical aspect of this study addressed the dimensioning of the photovoltaic generator system, as well as the choice of all its components. The economic analysis for a distributed microgeneration showed that the investment is viable through the analysis of Payback and ROI, and at the end of 25 years of operation the customer will have a return of 12 (twelve) times the value of the initial investment. The analysis of the environmental aspect showed that the use of renewable energy, in this case solar energy as a source of electricity, has less environmental impacts.