Diagnóstico de impactos ambientais na área de preservação permanente (APP) no trecho urbano do rio Piancó em Pombal - PB.

Abstract

Permanent Preservation Area (APP) is of great relevance for the preservation of water resources, since the vegetation present in these areas plays an important ecological role, such as protecting and maintaining the quality of water bodies, conserving riparian fauna and flora, controlling processes erosion and consequent sedimentation and pollution of watercourses. The objective of this work was to carry out an environmental assessment of the environmental impacts of PPA in the Piancó River stretch, located in the urban area of Pombal - PB, besides proposing environmental control measures. The methodology used was based on bibliographical research in scientific and technical sources, field visits, photodocumentation and consultations with public agencies. To do so, the geo-referencing of the area was done using geoprocessing tools; a simplified environmental diagnosis of the area of influence of the study was carried out, from which the anthropogenic activities with impact potential of the river waters and the identification of impacts, control measures and environmental plans and programs were identified. According to the results, 251 impacts were identified in the APP, with 38% "not significant", 39% "significant" and 23% "very significant". It was verified that the anthropic activities that carried most of the environmental impacts were, respectively, urbanization, extensive cattle raising and deforestation. The main environmental control measures suggested were: to carry out the detailed zoning according to the criteria and technical recommendations of the APP sites; training farmers, farmers and irrigators on management and environmentally sound agricultural practices. The main plans and programs proposed were: zoning program for land use in the APP; environmental recovery program; reforestation program for the riparian forest and a program for monitoring and monitoring the APP. Finally, it is expected that the results obtained from this study serve as a basis for future studies in the Piancó River APP, mainly in the urban area of Pombal - PB.