Direitos humanos, Eugenia e Higienismo social no espaço geográfico romanesco da obra literária O Quinze.

Abstract

Humanistic Geography, through literature, contributes to the construction of geographic knowledge, based on the investigation and interpretation of works. From the perspective of literary geography, one can identify aspects that characterize the geographic space, therefore, novels become objects of study for science, in the light of records of historical events, stories in the plots, and that shaped society and the social scenario, considering the human and natural environment. In this work, organized into four chapters, in addition to analyzing the geographic space romanesque portrayed in the literary work O Quinze, by Rachel de Queiroz (1977), it was also intended to understand to what extent the formation of fields concentration camps or human corrals, created between 1915 and 1930, during the long periods of drought that occurred in the state of Ceará, in the Northeast region, were constituted as a strategy of absence of the State, in the promotion of public policies aimed at the countryside, thus, as of their presence from the actions and processes characteristic of expulsion and attraction of populations, associated with human rights violations, eugenics processes and social hygiene. To achieve these objectives, we used theoretical and methodological research procedures that assume a dialectical view, where a bibliographic research was carried out trying to corroborate the studies of Michel Foucault (1999-2004), Josué de Castro (1980-2001) and Milton Santos (1988-2006), among others. He worked mainly with bibliographical survey, online newspapers and queries on websites based on government bodies. As it is an investigative research, its analyzes are still introductory, needing greater depth and theoretical understanding, but it is admissible to recognize that the present work under study contributes to perceiving how the actions of the State directly modify the space, bringing impacts to society, therefore, it needs to conform to the impositions and projections established by the government plan. It is possible to verify the reflections of the State's negligence in the people of the countryside, for the decimation of populations, denial of human rights and practices of eugenics and social hygiene.