Análise de acessibilidade da estrutura física em duas escolas municipais do município de São José de Espinharas — PB.

Abstract

Education is of great importance for building, maintaining and advancing a society, access to which is a right of all people, regardless of: color, gender and physical condition. The concepts of social inclusion and accessibility, are currently being addressed and practiced more frequency, however physical barriers are still observed in environments — leisure, work, health, education — which can make it difficult for people to access and stay with Disabilities (PCDs). As a result, there are situations in which the reality of the physical structure of the school environment, for example, prevents a visually impaired student from transit alone without the risk of falls, or that a wheelchair user can use the with autonomy, thus depriving them of exercising their citizenship with dignity. In view of this, the present research sought as a general objective to analyze the accessibility conditions of the Municipal Elementary School (EMEF) Lieutenant Titico Gomes and the Municipal School of Infant and Elementary Education (EMEIF) Luiz Gomes de Sousa Costa from ABNT/NBR 9050:2020. of the objectives specific, first was to understand about concepts related to the subject of social inclusion, and the second was to understand the physical accessibility deficiencies of analyzed schools. An on-site verification of the two municipal schools of regular education in the city of São José de Espinharas – PB. Data collection was carried out through visual inspection, use of an adapted checklist, measurements with a measuring tape and photographic records. Following the checklist and the norm, were observed in the buildings the dimensions and arrangement of accessibility elements in the accesses, common internal areas, classrooms and restrooms. The elements observed were: ramps; tactile floor; handrails; doors; Sanitary; runners; furniture; signaling. With the data obtained, a descriptive analysis was performed, comparing the items with the provisions of the technical standard regarding dimensions and installation. were found ramps with width and slope outside the standard required by the standard; absence of tactile floor; dimensions of the toilets without accessibility and poor arrangement of their components; precarious signage; absence of handrails and other nonconformities with the norm. It was concluded that schools are not prepared to guarantee accessibility with autonomy and comfort for people with visual impairments and wheelchair users.