Toxicidade do macerado de flores de jurubeba branca e rocha sobre abelhas apis melliferas no sertão paraíbano.

Abstract

There are secondary components of nectar or pollen in some plant species, which may be toxic or repellent to their pollinators. In this sense, the objective of this work was to study the toxicity effects of different concentrations of macerated flowers of Jurubeba purple and White Jurubeba, as feed for workmen of Africanized bees in a controlled environment. For that, bioassays were performed at the Entomology Laboratory of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Pombal Campus. He used dried and crushed flowers from Câmara and Chumbinho. The powder of the flowers was weighed into three different fractions (0.25%, 0.50% and 1.0%) and added to the candi and water. The newly emerged workers were distributed in a set of 20 insects per wooden box measuring 11 cm in length by 11 in width and 7 cm in height in three replicates and the control, comprising 12 boxes and 240 worker bees, were conditioned in BO D with temperature set at 32 ° C and humidity of 70%. The control group received only the candi and water. Considering the results obtained with the research, it can be observed that the control bees remained alive until the 25th day reaching a statistical average of 20 days and for those treated with 0.25%, 0.50% and 1.0% respectively presented mortality at 20, 18 and 13 days for bees fed Solanum paniculatum L. For bees fed Solanum albidum Dun, it was observed that control bees remained alive up to 21 days reaching a statistical average of 18 days and for those treated with 0.25%, 0.50% and 1.0% respectively presented mortality at 17, 13 and 12 days. Data analysis showed statistically significant differences between treatments and control, suggesting a toxic effect of macerate obtained from flowers of Solanum paniculatum L and Solanum albidum Dun for workers of Africanized bee Apis mellifera. The control bees remained alive until 25 and 21, respectively, by treatments with Solanum paniculatum L. and Solanum albidum Dun; Bees treated with concentrations of 0.25%, 0, 50% and 1.0% of the macerated flowers of Solanum paniculatum L, respectively, presented mortality at 20, 18 and 13 days; The bees treated with concentrations of 0.25%, 0.50% and 1.0% of the macerated flowers of Solanum albidum Dun, 14 respectively presented mortality at 17, 13 and 12 days; Flowers of Solanum paniculatum L. and Solanum albidum Dun presented toxicity to Melissa Apis under controlled environment conditions.