Avaliação da qualidade da água dos reservatório de Santa Cruz e Umari - RN: citotoxicidade e genotoxicidade.

Abstract

Aquatic ecosystems are being changed constantly as a result of human actions. We sought to evaluate the toxicity and mutagenic potential of water samples from two reservoirs in the river basin Apodi / Mossoró, with fish farming in cages. Water samples for the Allium cepa root growth test were collected in February and August 2014, distributed in four treatments: 1) distilled water (control); 2) Santa Cruz; 3) Umari and 4) Copper sulfate 0.0006 % (control +). Data were observed after 72 hours of incubation and analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Dunnett 's test (a = 0.05) and Bonferroni (a = 0.05). 35 specimens of fish, collected between February and August 2014 were used for the micronucleus test. The fixed smears were analyzed with light microscopy and the results were compared by Tukey test (a = 0.05). There was strong root growth of A. cepa with the waters of Umari reservoir than that of Santa Cruz (a = 0.05, p = 0.036). Significant differences between the rainy and dry not were observed. The mean values of micronucleus frequency were 0.008 ± 0.004, 0.007 ± 0.005 and 0.013 ± 0.014 cm for Santa Cruz, Umari and Lagoa de Apodi, respectively. The Tukey test (a = 0.05) indicated that these differences are not statistically significant. For the periods analyzed the waters of the studied reservoirs showed cytotoxic effects, but not genotoxic.