Utilização de resíduos agroindustriais na produção de celulases pelo fungo Trichoderma reesei em cultivo semissólido.

Abstract

The fungi of the genus Trichoderma have been widely studied because of their high metabolic versatility in producing various bioactive compounds of biotechnological importance, especially for the production of enzymes. Agricultural waste, such as different types of mulch, straw and leaves can be used as raw material cost for making different fermentation media. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of agroindustrial waste as substrate for cellulase production by Trichoderma reesei. Leaf and pseudostem of banana, peel and pineapple crown and wheat bran were used. The tests were performed in 1000mL Erlenmeyer flask with 100 g of mediumin which the spores were inoculated and the humidity was adjusted. The incubation temperature was ambient temperature, 27°C, and the total time of fermentation was 5 days. Samples were taken every 24 hours, including Oh, for analysis of CMCase activity by measurement of reducing sugars released from the reaction of the enzyme extract with 4% CMC solutions. The CMCase activity (endoglucanase) in banana leaves ranged from 0.47 to 2.86 U/g, and the maximum activity was achieved with fermentation time of 96 hours. For the cultivations performed with the banana pseudostem, it was observed no growth of the microorganism during the days of cultivation. On the pineapple waste, it was observed that there was no production of CMCase and this can be justified by the values of soluble solids, which were high, and leads to believe in the presence of glucose in these residues.