Qualidade pós-colheita do pimentão vermelho ‘melina’ sob cobertura de solo, adubação orgânica e mineral.

Abstract

The culture of the pepper is extremely important, standing out among the ten most important vegetables in terms of economic value in Brazil. In recent years, consumers have been increasingly looking for food free of chemical waste. In this way, the use of organic fertilizers to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers is a viable alternative, which is being explored by some producers. The objective of this work was to evaluate the post-harvest quality, the physico-chemical characteristics and content of bioactive compounds of red pepper under organic and mineral fertilization and soil cover. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the experimental farm of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Center for Food Science and Technology (CCTA), in São Domingos - PB, the fruits were analyzed in the Laboratory of Food Analysis UFCG / CCTA. The experimentals design was randomized blocks (DBC). The treatments were allocated in 3 x 5 subdivided plots, with 4 replications, the plots represented soil cover and subplots the proportions of organic and mineral fertilization (Organomineral). The three types of soil cover were: soil without cover; soil covered with carnauba straw (Copernicia prunifera) crushed and soil covered with weeding. The fertilizations were: 100% of organic fertilization and 0% of mineral fertilizer; 100% of organic fertilizer and 50% of mineral fertilizer; 50% of organic fertilizer and 50% of mineral fertilizer; 50% organic fertilizer and 100% mineral fertilizer; 0% of organic fertilizer and 100% of mineral fertilizer. The values corresponding to the post-harvest fruits quality were: color, firmness, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (AT), ratio (SS / AT). The bioactive compounds were: vitamin C, carotenoids, total flavonoids and phenols. The carnauba straw on the ground provided a greater presence of reddish‟s pigments tones due to the higher content of carotenoids, favoring the nutraceutical quality of the fruits. Fertilization with 100% of organic fertilizer favored an increase in color intensity, while soluble solids and total acidity (SS / AT) and phenolic contents were increased using fertilization with 50% of organic fertilizer with 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% organic fertilizer added with 100% mineral fertilizer, respectively. The pepper plants fertilized with 50% organic fertilizer added with 50% mineral fertilizer and 100% organic fertilizer added with 50% mineral fertilizer associated to the soil cover with carnauba straw provided the best solubility and soluble solids content in fruits. carotenoids, respectively. The proportions of organic and mineral fertilization associated to the cover types did not change the firmness, luminosity, pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C and flavonoids.