Análise dos eventos de flexibilização e extinção de áreas protegidas nos municípios integrados ao programa de conservação ambiental do Brasil: uma aplicação econométrica-jurídica.

Abstract

The events of redelimitation, reclassification and extinction of protected areas, which also originate from acts of Public Power, and are known as PADDD, intensified at the end of the first decade of the 21st century. The objective of this study was to present the economic-legal relationships that involve Brazilian conservation units that have been redelimited, reclassified and extinct since the year 1900. As for the justification, it is present in the fact that this work is in line with the objectives described in the United Nations Agenda 2030, especially with the Sustainable Development Goal number 15, which deals with the dissemination of public policy focused on the creation of nature protection areas, as well as, Its results can be used to compare the benefits and disadvantages that these strategies can cause in Brazilian cities integrated into the national system of environmental conservation, especially in the local economy and in the lives of its population. In this way, this work has analyzed the economic and legal effects caused by the flexibilization and extinction events of federal Protected Areas, on the variation of the population's average income, the quantity of the occupied population, the total resources used in the payment of salaries and other remunerations of those people who have an occupation, and the GDP of these affected Brazilian cities, in the period between 2000 and 2020, according to the Multiple Linear Regression Model and the Ordinary Least Squares Method, as well as, measured the interposition of multiple variable inputs in several occurrences of lowering, re-delimiting or declassifying conservation units. To reach the expected results, the methodology was characterized as quanti-qualitative, deductive, bibliographical, informative, descriptive and explanatory. At the end, the results indicate that variables such as the extension of the conservation unit, the average income of the population and the quantity of the employed population have a high explanatory power with respect to the variation of the GDP of these municipalities belonging to the National System of Conservation Units, while the total salary and other remuneration paid to the employed population did not appear in any predicted econometric model, denoting that this variable does not influence the variation of the total wealth produced in these studied localities.