Desenvolvimento de membrana de quitosana/1,4 naftoquinona para liberação controlada: curativo para feridas oncológicas.

Abstract

Skin lesions associated with skin cancer present an increasing importance today, since this type of cancer is the most frequent for both sexes in Brazil, even though it is considered of low lethality. Its bleeding characteristics, intense exudation and the presence of odors, as well as the difficulty of accelerating the cicatricial process suggest the need for the development of biomaterials that can be used as curatives in order to provide better response to this condition. In this sense, this work aimed to develop a chitosan membrane for controlled release of 1,4-naphthoquinone as a curative proposal for oncological wounds. So, chitosan and chitosan/1,4-naphthoquinone membranes were developed by the freeze-drying and solution casting method (dense) method. To quantify the 1,4-naphthoquinone in the chitosan membranes, ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV/VIS) was used, whose methodology was validated analytically. For chemical, physical and biological characterization of these membranes, it was used Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetry (TG), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Traction Test, Wettability Test, Swelling Degree (SD), Biodegradation and Cytotoxicity. In the FTIR assay the cross-linking and interaction of chitosan with 1,4-naphthoquinone was confirmed. In the XRD technique the characteristic peaks of chitosan in the developed membranes were observed and in those with 1,4-naphthoquinone an increase in the crystallinity was observed. In the MEV, porous, lamellar and fibrillary structures were identified in the lyophilized membranes and in the solvent evaporation a smooth and homogeneous structure. The results of TG and DSC indicated that the addition of the crosslinking agent and 1,4-naphthoquinone increased the temperature resistance of the samples. The membranes by solvent evaporation presented higher resistance to the tensile test. All prepared membranes exhibited high hydrophilicity and SD profiles. Dense membranes have degraded more than lyophilized and the membranes submitted to the cytotoxicity assay were toxic. In the controlled release assay it was possible to demonstrate a slow, controlled release, characterized in steps. The membranes with the best results in the release assay were cytotoxic. It is concluded that such membranes are promising for use as dressing in controlled release of 1,4-naphthoquinone.