BARROS, I. G.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2399448318650695; BARROS, Igor Guimarães.
Resumo:
The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a
electromagnetic radiation (microwaves), which comes from the cosmos and was produced when the
Universe was approximately 380,000 years old. In short, this radiation has a spectrum
blackbody thermal, was predicted theoretically by George Gamov, Ralph Alpher and
Robert Herman in 1948 and discovered by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson in 1965. In this
context, the present work focuses on studying the CMB, specifically its origin and
evolution, and how we can obtain cosmological information from it. The data coming from the
CMB observations play a central role in the development of modern cosmology
and in our understanding of the Universe's past. In this sense, the power spectrum and
its anisotropies (both in temperature and polarization) reveal to us the physics
behind the CMB - and therefore the early Universe - and allows us to verify the consistency
of the most varied cosmological models. Current experiments targeting CMB
aim, especially, at greater sensitivity in measurements relating to B modes of
polarization (one of the physical entities most sought after by cosmologists today).
