Modelagem e simulação fluidodinâmica da dispersão de poluentes na microescala atmosférica.

Abstract

The development of mathematical models, which simulate the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere using computational fluid dynamics, has been increasingly intense due to the technological evolution of computational routines. For the closure of the terms representing the turbulence, the model of standard two equations k- is the most widely used. However, when the effects of low Reynolds numbers should be considered (when molecular viscosity cannot be neglected), damping functions should be inserted resulting in a kind of k- for low Reynolds numbers. This thesis aims to present the development of a mathematical atmospheric dispersion model, whose scientific contribution is the development of empirical equations to define the damping function (𝑓�µ) in the calculation of turbulent viscosity, in addition the functions "walls" commonly used by commercial computer codes. As a computational tool, CFX® software has been used to perform fluid dynamics simulation. For the validation of the model, the data from the Copenhagen experiment were used. The statistical indices of the model were also compared with the results of other studies found in the literature. The results showed that the proposed methodology was able to simulate the field experiment with a very satisfactory level, reaching a normalized mean square error (NMSE) of 0.02 and a correlation factor (Color) of 0.95.