Vivências de pessoas com deiscência em ferida operatória.

Abstract

the surgical wound is a junction of tissues by primary intention resulting from the completion of a surgical procedure, with the skin as the last tissue to be reapproximated for healing, which can be influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Objective: to record and analyze the experiences of people who had surgical wounds complicated by dehiscence in a municipality in Curimataú Paraibano. Methodology: this is a qualitative study with descriptive analysis about the experience of people who had a surgical complication of the dehiscence type. Two questionnaires were used, addressing quantitative and qualitative questions. The data was transcribed and subjected to Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) analysis, subsequently using Bardin analysis to categorize the lexical classes generated by CHD. Results and discussion: The highest frequency of the word Surgery (n=50) was observed in the analysis of the textual corpus, which showed a text retention of 89.58%, implying satisfactory use. The sociodemographic characteristics of the interviewees showed a strong association of the variables Esc_3 and Grade_3 (x2= 7.04; x2=5.11). In the CHD analysis, six classes were formulated, which were condensed into three categories: Category 1 (Class 4, 3 and 2) - People's narrative from perception, to the difficulties faced to recovery from dehiscence; Category 2 (Class 5 and 1) - Psychospiritual dimensions affected by the surgical complication; and Category 3 (Class 6) - Professional responsibility and management of the FO. There were different reports on how the complication was discovered, which in most cases was due to the sensation of pain and the smell of a bad smell at the site of the surgical wound. The patient's recovery is often based on their own beliefs and spirituality that reverberate in family support and self-care. To this end, the nurse was active in this recovery process through prevention, maintenance and delegation of functions to the nursing team with relevant guidance and carrying out dressings. Final considerations: a series of feelings expressed by the interviewees were observed when recalling the difficulties experienced when faced with a surgical complication. The family was exposed as the basis for recovery, as well as the support of the nursing team in managing the surgical wound using scientific knowledge. Thus, it is noted that the qualitative study provided a vision beyond the clinic, observing the nuances of each person and it is proposed that new studies of this design related to post-surgery be carried out.