O uso do laser em ferida operatória com deiscência: revisão integrativa.

Abstract

The low-power laser has photochemical, photophysical and photobiological action, with the ability to modify the cellular reaction, promoting tissue repair, these are some of the positive points that this device can provide. Objective: This research aims to summarize the effects of low-power laser on the healing process of surgical wounds with dehiscence, following the scientific literature. Methodology: This is an integrative review from 2018 to July 2023. The searches were defined using Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): "Low-Level Light Therapy", and "Surgical Wound", and "Surgical Wound Dehiscence", using the Boolean operator AND. The National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Google Scholar data platforms were used. Results and Discussion: Six articles were identified in the last five years (2018 - 2023) that met the inclusion criteria, of which two were international and four national. Regarding the year of publication, one was published in 2018, one in 2020, two in 2021, which had the highest production, one in 2022 and one in 2023. The analysis of these studies shows the variability of the different modes of application of the low-power laser, both due to the different injuries and profiles of the participants and the lack of standardization in fluency. The literature points to the effects of low-power laser in stimulating the healing of wounds with dehiscence, such as anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects; increased metabolism and regeneration; reduced pain and edema, as well as increased production of granulation tissue and epithelialization, with the lesion closing in less time. Conclusion: Checking the studies made it possible to summarize the effects of low-power laser on the healing process of surgical wounds with dehiscence, as they contribute to accelerating healing, suggesting beneficial and promising actions due to the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and regenerative effects for the treatment of this injury.