Uso de extratos vegetais, elicitores de resistência e óleos essenciais no controle pós-colheita da antracnose da goiabeira.

Abstract

Among the post-harvest diseases that affect guava fruits (Psidium guajava L.) is anthracnose caused by the fungus COLLETOTRICHUM gloeosporioides (Penzig) Saccardo, which can make consumption and commercialization of the product unfeasible. To control this and other post-harvest diseases, the indiscriminate use of pesticides has led to a series of problems, mainly due to the residues that remain in fruits and vegetables and the increase in production costs. The objective of the research was to reduce post-harvest chemical control, using plant extracts, resistance elicitors and natural oils. The fruits were treated with extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L.), angico (Anadenanthera macrocarpa L.), cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.), in addition to the elicitors Dion, Agromos and Ecolife and copaíba oils (Copaifera langsdorffii Mart. ) and neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.). After treatments, the fruits were kept in a humid chamber for 24 hours with plastic bags and artificially inoculated with discs from the fungal colony. The results obtained demonstrated that extracts from São Caetano melon, cashew and angico did not reduce the severity of anthracnose in guava fruits and are not recommended as control methods under the conditions studied, while garlic and basil extracts proved to be an alternative. viable in managing the disease.