RODRIGUES, Felipe Ferreira Moura.
Résumé:
Since the beginning, civilization has used plants as therapeutics due to their
bioactive compounds that are capable of preventing, curing and treating diseases. In Brazil, the use of
less expensive therapies represents an important gain in human and
financiers employed in the health sector. In this sense, Punica granatum L. stands out.
plant of great popular use in the treatment of various symptoms and diseases such as infections of
throat, hoarseness and fever. From this perspective, the present work set out to evaluate the
antimicrobial potential of Punica granatum L. extracts against microorganisms
Sthapylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, in addition to analyzing physicochemical and
phytochemicals such as water content, total ash, dry residue, relative density, pH and
phytochemical characterization. The results obtained were compared with the existing literature
in order to observe the behavior of each type of extract. For water content, the samples
obtained a mean and standard deviation of 9.45% ± 0.24; total ash variation was 3.43% ±
0.05; for dry residue, the results found for aqueous extract, infusion and tincture were,
respectively, 0.31% ± 0.002; 0.35% ± 0.01 and 5.45% ± 0.79; relative density, 1.0020;
1.0020 and 0.897 and pH, 4.56; 4.30 and 4.71. As for phytochemical characterization, it was observed in
all samples have a strong presence of phenolic compounds, as well as the absence of saponins,
strong presence of tannins in samples A and B and moderate in C, for flavonoids, moderate
presence in B and C, strongly in A, alkaloids were moderate in B and C and
slightly in A. Regarding antimicrobial activity, all extracts obtained
positive results, with the exception of commercial products AR and M that did not obtain action
antimicrobial, with emphasis on the dye that presented an average of halos of inhibition of
12.0 mm ± 1.0 for Sthapylococcus aureus and 19.7 mm ± 3.8 for Candida albicans; followed
of the infusion, 10.3 mm ± 0.6 for S. aureus and 17.7 mm ± 1.5 for C. albicans and finally, the extract
aqueous, 10.0 mm ± 0.0 for S. aureus and 16.3 mm ± 0.6 for C. albicans. These results
express that Punica granatum L. extracts have antimicrobial activity against
the species researched, with emphasis on the tincture, which showed the greatest potential,
thus requiring additional studies that demonstrate this activity in vivo, and
standardize the most appropriate concentration and dosage.