Vivências de familiares e educadores na estimulação da autonomia de crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro Autista.

Abstract

To understand the experiences of family members and educators in stimulating the

autonomy of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Method: exploratory- descriptive, qualitative study, carried out with 10 family members and 3 educators of children

with Autism, from a municipal school in Curimataú Paraibano, between June and August 2023. A semi-structured script was used containing sociodemographic questions and triggers about the experience of the participants. For data processing, the software Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) was used, whose textual analysis occurred through the Descending Hierarchical Classification proposed by Reinert, followed by Bardin's content analysis. Results: a general corpus was obtained consisting of eleven texts, separated into 237 Text Segments (ST), using 194 STs (81.86%), for which 8,322 occurrences (words, forms or words) emerged. In the dendrogram, the corpus was divided into a subcorpus with Class 1: Family strategies to develop the autonomy of children and/or adolescents with ASD with 38 ST (19.59%) and Class 5: Organization of the daily routine and therapies with 34 ST (17.53%) a second subdivision, which encompassed Class 6: Educators' resources to develop autonomy with 37 ST (19.07%), a third subdivision that encompassed Class 4: Educators' pedagogical strategies with 24 ST (12.27%); a fourth subdivision that encompasses Classes 3: Difficulties of family members facing the stimulation of autonomy with 37 ST (19.7%), and Class 2: Resources of family members in the process of stimulating autonomy with 24 ST (12.37%). Conclusion: it was possible to understand that there are many difficulties for both family members and educators in stimulating the autonomy of children and adolescents with ASD. This suggests the need for educational actions on the part of health professionals, in order to provide guidance and support to family members in this development process.