Ocorrência de casos de cardiopatia congênita no Estado da Paraíba no período de 2011 e 2021: uma análise descritiva

Abstract

Congenital malformations represent the second leading cause of mortality in children under one year of age, with Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) being the most common and with the greatest lethality. Congenital heart disease is an abnormality in cardiocirculatory structure or function. In Brazil, registered cases of CC in the Unified Health System (SUS) can be selected through national health information systems. Objectives: To analyze the occurrence of CC cases registered in health information systems in the State of Paraíba from 2011 to 2021. Materials and Methods: Epidemiological study, with descriptive analysis. Data referring to children who were reported related to congenital heart disease, from 2011 to 2021 in the State of Paraíba, were included. Data collection took place over a period of 90 days, between January and March 2023, through DATASUS. Results: In the period analyzed, 197 children were activated with some malformation of the cardiocirculatory system at birth, with an increase in the number of cases year after year between 2011 and 2019. Regarding deaths registered in the Mortality Information System (SIM) related to CC, the highest number of cases (701) of children under one year of age was observed compared to other age groups and the year 2012 highlighted the highest number of records of deaths related to CC. Conclusions: There was a gradual increase in the diagnosis of CHD in the period evaluated and a greater concentration of deaths related to heart disease in the first year of life. Earlier diagnoses, development of technologies and more effective treatments for this population are fundamental in reducing child mortality due to congenital heart disease in the country, especially in the state.