Tecnologia educacional para promoção do autogerenciamento no uso de polifarmácia em idosos.

Abstract

Population aging associated with the epidemiological transition has increased the prevalence of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) and the consumption of multiple medications. Polypharmacy is the condition where five or more drugs are used concomitantly. The need for this drug therapy makes management and self-management complex, which can lead to errors in medication consumption. Therefore, the use of educational measures is suggested as strategies for self-care for polymedicated elderly people. OBJECTIVE: To develop an educational video-type educational technology aimed at promoting self-management in the use of polypharmacy in the elderly. METHODOLOGY: Methodological study whose research data was obtained through two phases: the scope review and the construction of the audiovisual material. For the review, articles were searched through the Scopus, LILACS and PubMed databases, published in full, from 2018 to 2022, in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Based on the scope review, the video was developed considering the pre-production stages (synopsis, script, script and storyboard), production and post-production. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The scoping review resulted in the selection of 20 articles. Some interventions and guidelines for medication self-management in the elderly identified were: medication registration, consistent location for medications, establishing a daily routine with time and place for medication consumption, computerized resources, pharmacy resources, in addition to participation/ support from family and support networks. Based on these findings, the planning and construction stages of the video took place, resulting in a script composed of 11 scenes and the video with 5:07 minutes of execution, fitting within the time foreseen for educational videos, in order to facilitate the memorization of information and obtain the attention of the target audience, thus enabling the effective application of this instrument as an educational resource. CONCLUSION: In this study, a video-type audiovisual technology was developed. It is advisable that health professionals adapt to health needs and the use of new assistance tools.