PIRES, João Paulo da Silva.
Résumé:
About 75% of emerging infectious diseases are defined as zoonotic, meaning they can be
transmitted naturally from vertebrate animals to humans and vice versa. Consequently, they
cause a great impact on the health of the human and animal population, in addition to
representing financial expenses by the health system. Thus, the need to adopt effective control
and prevention practices is evident. The One Health perspective has great potential to face the
demands inherent to the interconnection between human, animal and environment, in the
context of public health. Thus, to know the applicability of the One Health approach in the
context of the Unified Health System, in Brazil, it is necessary to assess the knowledge and
perception of health professionals on the subject, as well as to search for evidence in the
literature. Therefore, Chapter I of this dissertation addresses the collection of information on
the knowledge and perception of professionals in primary care and health surveillance of the
SUS and the One Health approach. This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The
study population consists of health surveillance and primary care professionals in the
municipality of Currais Novos/RN. Teaching-learning activities were carried out with the
servers, and data for the study were collected through evaluative questionnaires prepared by the
researcher. Thus, this research analyzed the knowledge, perception and impact of the One
Health perspective on the daily lives of these professionals in the face of the problems of One
Health, in order to verify whether this approach can prove to be effective within the scope of
the SUS. Chapter II, in turn, consists of a systematic literature review that raised evidence on
the applicability of the One Health point of view in the surveillance, control and prevention
system of zoonoses in Brazil. The study followed the PRISMA recommendation for the
development of systematic reviews. The databases searched were Embase, Science Direct,
PubMed, and Web of Science. Thus, the results made it possible to identify the main alternatives
of applicability of One Health in the context of public health in Brazil. Therefore, the results
revealed the potential of using the One Health concepts in the scope of Brazilian public health.
