Infecção por Parvovírus em felinos domésticos

Abstract

As the domestication process of domesticating domestic cats began, with the appearance of many diseases closely related to the form of management were expanding. In domestic cats, Parvovirus infection is an important cause of death, having different clinical manifestations. This dissertation was elaborated in two chapters, composed of a systematic review and an original article. The first chapter was submitted to acta Scientiae Veterinaria, a systematic review of the literature, structured from the check list of the items of Preferred Report for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), where 3 databases and some search strategies were used: "(cats AND panleukopenia)". The "included" studies were: original studies published with temporal cut between 2012 and 2022 and without language restriction. We excluded studies conducted with non-domestic cats, duplicate studies and studies that did not evaluate clinical and/or pathological and/or immunohistochemical alterations in necropsied cats. Of the total of 164 studies, after the entire process of exclusion and selection based on the eligibility criteria, only 2 papers met the inclusion criteria. The studies that compose this research were carried out in two countries, Brazil (n=1) and Italy (n=1). Both studies are retrospective studies and have reported cases of natural infection. The diagnosis of feline panleucopenia performed by both studies by histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis was considered relevant. In both studies, the case series of the disease was higher in young animals and in females. Data were provided regarding the body score of the animals, where there was a higher prevalence in very thin animals The second article will be submitted to Acta Scientiae Veterinaria, describes the epidemiological pathological and immunohistochemical clinical findings of felines, naturally infected by the VPF, diagnosed in the Veterinary Pathology Sector of the Federal University of Campina Grande (HUV - UFCG) with the performance of the IHQ test as a confirmatory diagnostic method during the period, from January 2003 to December 2021. During the study period, 1490 necropsies of domestic cats were performed. Animals of both sexes were affected, with a higher incidence in males, with no defined breed under one year of age. The clinical signs were characterized by enteric expenditure, among which were vomiting, inapetence and diarrhea. Necropsy was mainly observed in the neat mucosa, reddish serosa and the presence of fibrin. The diagnosis was established through epidemiology, clinical signs, pathological and histopathological findings, and there is a need for confirmation through immunohistochemical examination. With this work, it was possible to verify that feline parvovirus infections cause important clinical changes, as well as macro and microscopic lesions little reported in the literature. Although uncommon, these infections are important causes of death in felines, diagnosed in the routine of the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the University Veterinary Hospital Prof. Dr. Ivon Macêdo Tabosa of UFCG.