SOARES, J. M.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6219937683938598; SOARES, José Monteiro.
Resumo:
This study was conducted in the Experimental Field of Bebedouro, belonging to the Company
Brazilian Agricultural Research Institute (Embrapa Semi-Arid), located in the Irrigated Perimeter
of Bebedouro, Petrolina-PE, aiming to determine the water consumption and the coefficient of
culture of the vine (Vitis vinifera, L), variety Festival, seedless, three years old,
for eight phenological stages: 1. sprouting period; 2. vegetative development; 3. pre and
full bloom; 4. first stage of fruit growth; 5. stop of growth of the fruit; 6.
second stage of fruit growth; 7. final maturity of the fruit and 8. phenological rest,
during two production cycles, using two different methodologies: Energy balance
by the Bowen-BERB ratio, applied to the "crown-soil", "crown" and "surface
soil "and soil water balance - BHS, covering four cycles of intermittent irrigation
(1, 2, 3 and 4). Among the obtained results, we highlight: a) The subdivision of the system "copasolo"
in two distinct subsystems "canopy" and "soil surface", provided the obtaining of
values of culture coefficients practically equal to those obtained by means of the
energy ratio by the classical Bowen ratio, besides the advantage of providing coefficient values
crops for the vine canopy, as well as for soil evaporation; B)
It was found that the values of the vine crop coefficients, determined on the basis of the
water balance in the soil for intermittent irrigation at level four, exceeded the
estimated for the other intermittency, in almost all their phenological stages and
tended to decrease, as the number of
coefficients obtained for level one flicker, presented as the lowest; W)
It was verified that the values of the estimated grapes cultivation coefficients, by the
the Bowen ratio, were much higher than those
estimated by means of the BHS, only during the phenological stages with lower
soil and practically the same in almost all the other stages; d) It was found that the increase
of the number of irrigation intermittences led to a significant reduction of
water by deep percolation. That is, the reductions obtained in relation to the control were
order of 20.46, 46.26 and 79.80%, corresponding to the intermittency of levels two, three and
four, respectively, for two production cycles; e) It was found that the ETc values
grapes, determined by the modified energy balance, were of the order of
496.87 and 472.81 mm, corresponding to the 1st and 2nd cycles, respectively, while the value
estimated by means of the soil water balance for the 1st cycle, oscillated around
435.35 + 32.06 mm. However, in the 2nd cycle this type of comparison was severely impaired
by the occurrence of excessive rains.
