Análise da influência da rigidez dos apoios no comportamento estrutural de escadas convencionais de concreto armado via método dos elementos finitos.

Abstract

It is known that there are currently several computer programs that carry out calculations for reinforced concrete structures, but some design elements deserve special care, such as stairs. Therefore, it is important to calculate it separately, building a safer model and, for this, a method must be determined for calculating the efforts, which can be, for example, analytical or numerical. Furthermore, it is necessary to define the type of support of the model, as it will influence the values of internal efforts. This work aims to make a comparative analysis of the efforts, displacements and flexural reinforcement of supported conventional stairs, varying the stiffness of the support and the thickness of the slab. To determine these parameters, the SAP2000 software was used to model and obtain the efforts and displacements through shell elements, which is based on the finite element method (FEM), which is a method of discretization of continuous elements. The reinforcements were calculated manually using the Araújo equations (2014). It was observed that, in general, there was an increase in bending moments and shear forces with the increase in slab thickness, except in some specific cases, and that there were reductions in positive moments with an increase in stiffness. As for displacements, there was a reduction in them with the increase in the thickness of the slab and with the increase in the stiffness of the supports, as well as in the steel areas.