QUEIROZ, A. J. P.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2842006503104872; QUEIROZ, Abílio José Procópio.
Resumo:
The management of municipal solid waste, currently done wrongly in most
Brazilian cities, accelerating the degradation of the environment, and the search
for alternative energy sources to supply the growing demand, are currently
discussed and problems that need solutions urgent. This study identifies
physical and chemical characteristics of MSW deposited in bioreactor that
simulates the conditions of a landfill site, and evaluates the possibility of using a
material that is still dismissed as fuel for power generation. The overall objective
was to evaluate the degradation and the calorific value of municipal solid waste.
The samples analyzed by FTIR, XRD, TG and DSC were collected in lysimeter
constructed at the Federal University of Campina Grande and filled MSW
previously characterized. FTIR tests indicated a predominance of the organic
materials present in samples of MSW. By X-ray diffraction main peak and
common to all samples was quartz, which explains the presence of the soil
cover of the samples. MSW samples had poor thermal stability, degradation
occurring between room temperature and 1000 ºC, being visible and acceptable
state that occurs in five steps loss associated volatilization of the solvents
(water and alcohol), the combustion of cellulose, natural rubber, putrescible
organic matter and plastics, as well as the oxides formed during the process.
DSC curves for an endothermic reaction associated with the first weight loss
and four reactions, two endothermic and exothermic two linked to the loss of the
degradation of the organic components have been identified. The 348,402
kg/day of USW produced in Campina Grande, sampled by mass of the
bioreactor have an average calorific value of 3,744.86 kcal/kg, and could be
generated 1,518,551.40 kW.h/day of thermal energy or 303,710. 28 kW.h/day of
electricity, with conversion efficiency of 20%.