Estudo das propriedades mecânicas do lodo têxtil para fins de utilização em pavimentos rodoviários.

Abstract

The textile industry, which is pioneer in the industrialization process in Brazil, is relevant for the Brazilian economy, being considered the second largest generator of first employment and responsible for about 4% of the total Brazilian GDP. However, despite this peculiarity, this industry also produces large amounts of waste in its final manufacturing process. This residue, also known as textile sludge, has a variable composition consisting mainly in water (resulting from the productive process), mineral oxides (constituents of pigments in fabrics and substances used in effluent treatment) and organic matter. Industries seek to properly dispose of the material without causing much damage to the environment and employee health. Nevertheless, even in landfills there is a considerable environmental impact. The use of stabilized soils with the addition of waste can provide technical, economical and environmentally correct advantages. This research aimed to examine the use of the technique of solidification / stabilization with the sludge to be applied in base and subbase pavement layers. The methodology used to perform the experimental phase of the research was empirical and with adoption of a theoretical support, based on the literature review and the choice of test methods. Activities related to this phase were divided into four steps: characterization tests, particle size stabilization, chemical stabilization and environmental characterization of the waste. Based on the results obtained in the first step, it was adopted the percentage of 10% for the incorporation of textile sludge in the mixture, and it was decided to add the cement as a stabilizer in the percentages of 1%, 3%, 5% and 7%. Successive increments of the content of stabilizers in the mixtures had significant consequences such as changes in the values of California Bearing Ratio – CBR (%), Compressive Strength – CS (kPa), Tensile Strength – TS (MPa) and Resilient Modulus – MR (MPa). The best mechanical results obtained in the chemical stabilization phase were with the incorporation of 5% and 7% of cement. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the use of waste in base and subbase of pavements is a viable alternative to the reduction of the environmental problem caused by the incorrect disposal of the waste.