DOLGHI, S. M.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3459396920762887; DOLGHI, Sandro Martins.
Resumo:
The cult of beauty is in evidence in Brazil and in the world, leading to increasing
techniques and procedures to correct aesthetic defects and minimize the effects of
aging. Several dermal fillers with high viscosity or polymer particles in suspension
fluids have been used in large scale in cosmetic procedures and lipodystrophy
correction of HIV-positive patients undergoing HAART activity. The use of
polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as dermal filler substance has grown dramatically,
and the number of adverse reactions arising from its use. PMMA has been used
widely as a raw material in manufacturing various medical devices and products
since the 40s, especially due to its biocompatibility, however, there is still a lack of
information and studies on migration and inflammatory response of substances
marketed in Brazil dermal filler purposes. This study aimed to evaluate the physical
and chemical characteristics of PMMA implants sold in Brazil for bioplasty
procedures in three commercial presentations of the product with different
concentrations, in order to delimit acceptable limits for registration of these products
at ANVISA, with focus on security health. The samples were characterized by X-ray
Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM), Spectroscopy Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis of
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), characterized by Optical Microscopy (OM).
The XRD technique showed semi-crystalline behavior of PMMA. FTIR technique
found the functional groups present on the implants. Through OM and SEM
techniques we saw the inhomogeneity relative to the size of the PMMA
microspheres. One can conclude from the results of the DSC endothermic peak
increased in accordance with changes in the concentration of PMMA. From the data
obtained in this study it appears that the consumer is subject to risks as uneven
surfaces and variations in size of the microspheres can cause adverse reactions,
depending on the phagocytosis of microspheres with size less than 20 microns. The
increasing use of technical fill with PMMA implants, as well as indications for use in
other specialties of medicine, places it as material to be still widely studied in various
product applications in the medical field.