Educação em saúde frente as contribuições da Enfermagem na prevenção da obesidade em crianças e adolescentes: revisão integrativa.

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic disease, considered one of the world's public health problems, mainly affecting children and adolescents. Primary Health Care is the gateway to starting a prevention and care strategy, through educational measures aimed at explaining the importance of a balanced diet. Therefore, it is essential that this prevention begins during pregnancy, with monitoring and follow-up necessary until adolescence. Therefore, it is important that actions are carried out to raise awareness among pregnant women and parents of children about the use of a healthy and adequate diet. This work's main objective was to analyze educational actions aimed at preventing obesity in children and adolescents in primary care and, as specific objectives, it sought to identify actions aimed at preventing obesity in children and adolescents and verify the main factors which contributes to obesity in children and adolescents. The present study was an integrative review of the literature, where research was carried out in the following databases: Scielo, BDENF, Lilacs and Medline. Based on studies, obesity in children and adolescents has been one of the most prevalent factors in the emergence of diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. It is important and necessary to include educational actions for the implementation of a healthy diet, as well as being extremely important for the approach of preventive measures from the moment of pregnancy until the child's development. In view of the results found, it can be said that nurses have a fundamental role in assisting obese children, as team members contribute to improving their quality of life. It is hoped that this study can contribute in the future to the development of new research on health education in nurses' contributions to the prevention of obesity in children and adolescents in PHC.