A prevalência de atipias escamosas em adolescentes: uma revisão narrativa.

Abstract

Squamous atypias are cervical cell changes that may indicate a risk of cervical cancer (CC), the third most common cancer death among women. The Pap smear is the gold standard for screening for CC and its precursor lesions. However, the age group defined 36 years ago does not include adolescents, who are now in constant contact with many risk factors. In light of this, the objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of epithelial atypias in adolescents. To conduct the study, a bibliographic survey was conducted through a narrative review. It was found that studies have been developed with sample groups composed entirely of adolescents or including them, with ages between 10 and 19 years. Regarding risk factors, the use of oral contraceptives was the most prominent factor, followed by inflammation, early sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners, and HPV infection. It was observed that there is a prevalence of epithelial atypias in adolescents, the most prevalent being LSIL, followed by ASCUS and HSIL. It is concluded that in view of the new social and behavioral factors of contemporary youth, there is an urgent need to reassess the scope of CC screening to include adolescents who are vulnerable and in constant contact with risk factors.