Potencial tânico da casca de espécies florestais a partir de resíduos de marcenaria.

Abstract

The present study aimed to quantify and qualify tannins from residues generated by a carpentry located in the southern region of Piauí. Casts of the species Jatobá (Hymenea courbaril Duke) and Sucupira preta (Bowdichia sp.) Were collected in the municipality of Corrente-PI, which were ground and classified in sieves. The bovine skin used in the production of skin powder was obtained from the National Rural Apprenticeship Service (SENAR) of Campina Grande-PB. The tannic extract powder was obtained, using 40 g of the bark sample of each species in an adapted soxhlete extractor, monitoring its temperature and time of extraction. The obtained extract was placed in a beaker and directed to a greenhouse with a temperature of 50ºC until the evaporation of the liquid part. The sample was ground and classified into 60 mesh sieves. The tannic extract was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively for tannic extract (R%), total solids (ST%), moisture (U%), corrected solids solids (SSc%), insoluble solids corrected (SIc%), Formaldehyde method (TTf%), non-tannin content by formaldehyde method (TNTf%), non-tannin content by the skin powder method (TNTp%); Tannin content by the skin powder method (TTp%), ash content (%), density (g /cm³) and pH. A completely randomized design (DIC) was used, and the treatmentscorresponded to the two species, and each one was submitted to five extractions, and each extraction was evaluated in duplicate. The variables were compared, among the species, through the F test. The extraction took place at an average temperature of 68ºC, for a period of 6:47 hours, without presenting statistical difference between them. Regarding the quantification parameters, the jatobá species presented yield of 15,87% and sucupira preta of 17,09%. For the values of ST, U, SSc and SIc, the tetanus extract of the jatobá species presented respectively 93,16%, 6,84%, 87,33% and 5,82%, and the sucupira preta 92,40% 7,60%, 69% and 13,39%, with a significant difference only in SIc content. For the tannin and non-tannin contents by the formaldehyde method (TTf, TNTf), the jatobá species presented, respectively, 74,66% and 12,66%, and for the tannic and non-tannic content by the skin powder method (TTp, TNTp) presented 54,33% and 32,78%. The sucupira preta species for TTf and TNTf presented, respectively, 64% and 12,66%. And for TTp and TNTp it presented 43,06% and 34,80%. There was a significant difference between the TTf and TTp species. Although the majority of the data are inferior to the commercialized species, indicating the need for improvement in the extraction process, the jatobá and sucupira preta species show potential for the production of tannic extract, with emphasis on the first species because it presents better Most of the parameters evaluated.