Grandes propriedades financiadas pelo Finor-Agropecuário no Piauí: análise dos impactos socioeconômicos.

Abstract

The general objective of this work is to investigate the socio-economic impacts of the large projects financed by FINOR -Agropecuário in Piauí, particularly in the projects implemented in the southwest region of the state until 1984. Based on the theoretical reference, FINOR - Agropecuario, whose philosophy is to modernize Piau's agriculture and livestock through the insertion of capital in the rural sector of the state. Therefore, large entrepreneurs, attracted by the volume of public resources granted by SUDENE, seek to acquire vast tracts of land at very low prices. In possession of these large properties, they will have to choose between the various alternatives of their valuation. The analysis of the secondary and estimated data, compared with those obtained in the field research on land structure, economic indicators of modernization, employment level, condition of the producer and global production, clarifies the role played by the large farms financed by FINOR-Agropecuario no state. With regard to the land structure, it was verified that the projects favored the deepening of the concentration of land. Modernization indicators, such as the use of tractors, plows and mechanical vehicles, irrigated land and the use of fertilizers did not have a positive impact on Piauí agriculture. This situation shows that most of the large estates did not opt ​​for the land valuation alternative, but instead decided to preserve their properties as a reserve of value, constituting them as an obstacle to the development of capitalism in the countryside. Moreover, the level of employment did not increase in the post-implementation of the projects, due to the fact that they were mostly directed towards extensive cattle raising, thus absorbing little labor. Although livestock predominates, this activity also did not significantly increase the number of the herd in the state, but it had an impact from the point of view of its quality. The state's crop production is positively impacted only in relation to cashew nuts. Finally, the agricultural projects financed by FINOR consolidated the ownership of the land as the producer of large farms. It is concluded, therefore, that only the insertion of capital is not sufficient to modernize the piauiense agriculture.